Laparoscopy is an examination that helps to identify pelvic pain. It may help identify endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, pelvic inflammatory disease, cancer, or other disorders. Laparoscopy can also be used to obtain biopsies of the liver and ovaries, and to remove small ovarian cysts and tumors.
Laparoscopy is performed in a hospital under general anesthesia. The doctor inserts a catheter through the urethra into the bladder. An incision is made below the navel where the laparoscope (the instrument used to look in the cavity) is inserted. A needle is put in the incision and carbon dioxide gas is injected to enlarge the cavity and raise the abdominal wall, which allows for easier viewing and better access to the organs. The laparoscope is inserted and the doctor examines the area. A dye may be injected to make the Fallopian tubes easier to view. After viewing, the incision is closed and bandaged.
